Healthy Heart Tips For Kids – Men – Women

Heart valve disease :

Heart valve disease is also called as Valvular Heart Disease.The heart has two halves, a left and right each with 2chambers the atrium and the ventricle. Between the chambers are the heart valves which ensure the blood runs only in one direction. 

Heart valves separate the ventricle and the atrium chambers. On the right side of the heart called tricuspid valve and on the left side the mitral valve. There are also valves on each side between the heart and the major blood vessel taking blood away from the heart on the right this is pulmonary valve. On the left between the left ventricle and the aorta is aortic valve. 

Heart valves are made up of caps of thin, strong tissue attached to the heart with fibrous cords. They can open only in one direction.

Causes of Heart Valve Disease

They may be due to :

Congenital abnormality-means a person borns with an abnormal valve Degeneration through atherosclerosis(aortic stenosis only) Damage from Rheumatic fever Excessive calcification in old age (aortic stenosis only) Bacterial infection or inflammation of a valve Excessive floppiness of the leaflets(mitral valve prolapse) Enlargement of the heart or aorta-the main blood vessel into which the left ventricle pumps.

Diagnosis of Heart Valve Disease

These may include :

Echocardiography-An echocardiography is a test that shows the hearts movement. Transesophegeal Echocardiography: This test requires that the transducer be inserted down the throat into the esophagus(the swallowing tube that connects the mouth to the stomach) because the esophagus is located close to the heart clear images of the heart structures can be obtained without the interference of the lungs and chest. Cardiac Catherization (Angiogram) during this test a long narrow tube called a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in your arm or leg guided to your heart with the aid to a special x-ray machine. Contrast dye is injected through the catheter so that x-ray movies of your valves coronary arteries and heart chambers can be created. Radionuclide scans. Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) Chest X-Ray ECG which records the electrical changes happening in your heart.

Treatment of Heart Valve Disease

Medicinal :

Diuretics-Remove extra fluid from the tissues and blood stream, lesson the symptoms of heart failure Antirrythmic medicines-control the hearts rhythm ACE Inhibitors –which help the heart, work more effectively by relaxing blood vessels and so improving blood flow. Digoxin-which stabilizes the heart rhythm and helps the heart pump harder Beta Blockers treat high blood pressure and lesson the hearts work by helping the heart beat slower and less forcefully. Used to decrease palpitation in some patients.

Surgery For Heart Valve Disease :

If your valve has narrowed (stenosis) your doctor may recommend balloon valve surgery called balloon valvoplasty. Reshaping of the valve ring by removing excess valve tissue Adding support to the valve ring by adding tissue or a collar like structure around the base of the valve. Attaching the valve to nearby heart cordlike tissues (chordal transposition) for a valve repair the procedure performed will depend on the type of valve problems that exist.eg: separation of fused valve leaflets, repair of torn leaflets and/or reshaping of the parts to ensure better function.

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Blood is pumped through our heart in only one direction. Heart valves play a key role in this one-way blood flow, opening and closing with each heartbeat. Pressure changes on either side of the valves cause them to open their flap-like “doors” at just the right time, and then close tightly to prevent a backflow. If valve damage is mild, doctors may be able to treat it with medicines but if damage to the valve is severe, surgery to replace the valve may be needed. India is proud to offer access to state of the art heart valve replacement surgery and at low cost. The expertise of Indian heart hospital of Mumbai and Bangalore is among the best in the world in the field of cardiology. All equipments used for heart valve replacement surgery in India are state of the art and the best and most modern cardiac surgery equipment and techniques are used. A large group of experienced adult & pediatric cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, cardiac anesthesiologists and cardiac rehabilitation physicians provide heart valve replacement surgery in India who had their subspecialty training and working experiences from oversea including the US, Australia and Japan.

 Severe valve damage means that the valve will need to be replaced. Heart valve replacement surgery is most often used to treat aortic valves and severely damaged mitral valves. Heart valve replacement surgery in India is a popular solution to get rid damaged valves in clinical, yet safe, friendly, and relaxing manner with assurance to get the best possible result. It is also used to treat any valve disease that is life-threatening. Sometimes, more than one valve may be damaged in the heart, so patients may need more than one replacement. There are two kinds of valves used for heart valve replacement surgery; mechanical valves are usually made from materials such as plastic, carbon, or metal. Mechanical valves are strong, and they last a long time. Because blood tends to stick to mechanical valves and create blood clots, patients with these valves will need to take blood-thinning medicines for the rest of their lives and biological valves, which are made from animal tissue (called a xenograft) or taken from the human tissue of a donated heart (called an allograft or homograft). Sometimes, a patient’s own tissue can be used for valve replacement (called an autograft). Patients with biological valves usually do not need to take blood-thinning medicines. These valves are not as strong as mechanical valves, though, and they may need to be replaced every 10 years or so. Biological valves break down even faster in children and young adults, so these valves are used most often in elderly patients.

 Hospital in India at Mumbai and Bangalore are leading heart hospitals having wide range of services available for overseas patients with a dedicated international department and serviced apartments for those who require them. Heart valve replacement surgery in India is provided at dedicated heart centre which brings together the finest Indian and internationally trained medical professionals coupled with world class technology and top of the range facilities. India has gained a repute of being one of the famous destination which offers medical tourism. It is considered a popular medical tourism destination because there is abundant availability of medical skills, high quality operation theaters, short waiting times and low costs. Medical tourism in India offers western level medical care at a fraction of the US cost. Highest quality of care & mind boggling cost savings are key factors attracting massive number of foreign patients to India. Any person without top of the line health insurance, or limited access to elective modalities & procedures, could easily pay for a 3 week luxury Indian vacation with planned elective surgery and rehabilitation procedure offered by medical tourism in India. To know more about heart valve replacement surgery in India visit us at www.forerunnershealthcare.com. Or mail your queries at enquiry@forerunnershealthcare.com

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India – A promising destination for Heart Valve Surgery

Heart Valve Surgery in India is a good option for you because it is available at various corporate hospitals in India that are state of the art. Various medical treatments / surgeries in India are available at 60 – 70 % less price when compared to the prices in Western Countries.

Description

Heart valve surgery is open-heart surgery that is done while you are under general anesthesia. A cut is made through the breast bone (sternum). Your blood is routed away from your heart to a heart-lung bypass machine. This machine keeps the blood circulating while your heart is being operated on.

In Heart Valve Surgery, valves may be repaired or replaced. Replacement heart valves are either natural (biologic) or artificial (mechanical) -

Natural valves are from human donors (cadavers). Modified natural valves come from animal donors. (Porcine valves are from pigs, bovine are from cows.) These are placed in synthetic rings. Artificial valves are made of metal.

If you receive an artificial valve, you may need to take lifelong medication to prevent blood clots. Natural valves rarely require lifelong medication.

There are four valves in your heart -

Aortic valve Mitral valve Tricuspid valve Pulmonary valve

The valves control the direction of blood flow through your heart. The opening and closing of the heart valves produce the sound of the heartbeat.

Why the Procedure is performed?

Heart valve surgery may be recommended for the following conditions -

Narrowing of the heart valve (stenosis) Leaking of the heart valve (regurgitation)

Valve problems may be caused by -

Birth defects Calcium deposits (calcification) Infections such as rheumatic fever Medications

Defective valves may cause congestive heart failure and infections (infective endocarditis).

Risks

The risks for any surgery include bleeding and infection.

The risks for any anesthesia include –

Breathing problems and reaction to medications

The risks for Heart Valve surgery include – Death, Heart attack, Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), Kidney failure, Stroke, Temporary confusion after surgery due to the heart-lung machine.

It is very important to take steps to prevent heart valve infections. You may need to take antibiotics indefinitely, or before dental work and other invasive procedures.

After the Procedure

The success rate of heart valve surgery is high. The operation can relieve your symptoms and prolong your life.

The death rate averages 2% to 5%, depending on the heart valve. About 2 of every 3 patients who received an artificial mitral valve are still alive 9 years after the surgery.

The clicking of the mechanical heart valve may be heard in the chest. This is normal.

Outlook (Prognosis)

You will stay in an intensive care unit for the first 2 or 3 days following the operation. Your heart functions will be monitored constantly. The average hospital stay is 1 – 2 weeks. Complete recovery will take a few weeks to several months, depending on your health before surgery.

Alternative Names

Valve replacement; Valve repair; Heart valve prosthesis

Why consider India?

Heart valve Surgery in India is performed by Indian Cardiac Surgeons who are well known for their medical expertise. India has one of the best qualified professionals in the Cardiac Field. A number of Indian hospitals are offering world class treatments in the sector of Cardiac surgery. India has the most competent, USA & UK, educated and trained medical professionals with best and well equipped hospitals at par with hospitals in any part of the world. With best Infrastructure, the best possible medical facilities and the best Professional Medical Experts and Paramedics accompanied with low cost. India has also emerged as a nation having world class medical facilities. In the recent past, Indian government has established several Cardiac centers to combat with life threatening heart diseases. These world class hospitals are well furnished with various medical equipments and reputed and trained medical practitioners who are well versed in treating deadly diseases.

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Heart Valve Repacement or repair surgery in India

Heart Valves and it Role
Blood is pumped through your heart in only one direction. Heart valves play a key role in this one-way blood flow, opening and closing with each heartbeat. Pressure changes on either side of the valves cause them to open their flap-like “doors” (called cusps or leaflets) at just the right time, then close tightly to prevent a backflow of blood. Heart valve disease occurs when a valve doesn’t work right. A valve may not open all the way. Or a valve may have problems closing. If valve doesn’t open all the way then less blood moves through to the next chamber or if a valve doesn’t close tightly, blood may leak backward. These problems implies that the heart have to work harder to pump the same amount of blood. Or, blood may back up in the lungs or body because it’s not moving through the heart as it should.

There are 4 valves in the heart:

Tricuspid valve (located between the upper–right chamber (right atrium) and the lower–right chamber (right ventricle) of the heart. Pulmonary valve (located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, which is the main artery that carries the oxygen–poor blood from the heart to the lungs for more oxygen). Mitral valve (is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle and is the most common valve to be repaired.) Aortic valve (between the left ventricle and the aorta, which is the main artery that carries the oxygen–rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body).

Medical datas reveals that Mitral and Aortic valves of the heart mostly requires for repair or replace. These valves are on the left side of the heart, which works harder than the right. They control the flow of oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the rest of the body.

What is Heart valve surgery?

Heart valve surgery is used to repair or replace diseased heart valves. Repair means that the valve is mended, while replacement means the diseased valve is removed and a new valve is inserted in its place.There are a number of approaches physicians can take to repair defective heart valves. The best approach depends on the nature of the valve problem, and the condition of the patient suffering with valve disease.If valve damage is mild, doctors may be able to treat it with medicines. If damage to the valve is severe, surgery to repair or replace the valve may be needed. In some cases, existing heart valves can be repaired, If they cannot be repaired then they are needed to be replaced.

What is Heart valve repair and what are the procedures?

Valve repair can usually be done on congenital valve defects that is defects that the patients are born with and has a good success record with treating mitral valve defects.

Here are some procedures surgeons may use to repair a valve:

Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty : This is a nonsurgical procedure to treat stenosis. In this procedure, local anesthetic is used by the cardiologist to numb the area of the body generally the groin. From where catheter( a thin flexible tube) in inserted into the blood vessel and fed all the way up to the heart. Once the damaged valve is reached, a balloon at the tip of the catheter is inflated. The inflated balloon stretches, widens and separates the narrowed valve. This procedure is suggested for patients who cannot undergo open–heart surgery because of failing health or other reasons. However in some cases there is a risk that the repaired valve may re–narrow (restenosis) or that it may no longer be able to close properly, allowing blood to leak back in the wrong direction (regurgitation). Valvotomy : A valvotomy (also known as a valvulotomy) is a type of open–heart surgery in which the surgeon cuts into a valve to repair valvular damage. In this procedure narrowed valve leaflets are widened by carefully opening the fused leaflets or commissures with a scalpel.This is a procedure to strengthens the leaflets to provide more support and to let the valve close tightly. This support comes from a ring-like device that surgeons attach around the outside of the valve opening. Decalcification : In this process the calcium buildup is removed from the leaflets. Once the calcium is removed, the leaflets can close properly. Reshaping : Here the surgeon cuts out a section of a leaflet. Once the leaflet is sewn back together, the valve can close properly. Patching : In this process the surgeon covers holes or tears in the leaflets with a tissue patch. Repair of structural support : In this process the cardiologist replaces or shortens the cords that give the valves support (these cords are called the chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles). When the cords are the right length, the valve can close properly.

What is Heart Valve replacement and what are it’s type?

Severe valve disease means that the valve cannot be repaired, then it is need to be replaced. Valve replacement is an open-heart surgery and is mostly used to treat aortic valves and severely damaged mitral valves. It is also used to treat any valve disease that is life-threatening. . This type of procedure is typically used on heart valves that leak or on those that have thickened, hardened or stretched. Sometimes, more than one valve may be damaged in the heart, so patients may need more than one repair or replacement.

There are 2 kinds of artificial valves used for valve replacement:

Mechanical valves : These are usually made from materials such as plastic, carbon, or metal. Mechanical valves are strong, designed to last about 30 years, so they are often used if all other factors are equal. Because blood tends to stick to mechanical valves and create blood clots, patients with these valves will need to take blood-thinning medicines (called anticoagulants) for the rest of their lives. Biological valves : This type of valve may be an autograft (from the patient’s own tissue), a xenograft which are made from animal tissue (a pig or cow) or an allograft or homograft (taken from the human tissue of a donated heart ). Patients with biological valves usually do not need to take blood-thinning medicines. These valves are not as strong as mechanical valves, though, and they may need to be replaced every 10 years or so. Biological valves break down even faster in children and young adults, so these valves are used most often in elderly patients.

The Question that must be striking in our mind is why To Select India for such Treatments ?

India offers World Class Medical Facilities, comparable with any of the western countries. India has state of the art Hospitals and the best qualified doctors. With the best infrastructure, the best possible Medical facilities, accompanied with the most competitive prices, you can get the treatment done in India at the lowest charges. People from different walks of life cut across the entire span of the globe come to India to have their treatments done with peace of mind. India’s excellent education system is not only churning out computer programmers and engineers, but an estimated 20,000 to 30,000 doctors and nurses each and every year. The list of India Best Hospitals includes Apollo, Fortis, Max Healthcare, Escorts, AIIMs, Wockhardt, etc. A few top Medical tourism providers are Malaysia medical, IndiaHeals- medical tourism in india. With time more and more visitors will flock to this part of the globe for their treatment and relaxation needs.

Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals New Delhi is part of the Apollo Hospitals Group and is a multi-specialty tertiary care Institute with over 50 medical and surgical disciplines. With over 7000 beds in 38 hospitals, a string of nursing and hospital management colleges, and dual lifelines of pharmacies and diagnostic clinics providing a safety net across Asia, Apollo Hospitals is a healthcare powerhouse you can trust with your life.
Narayana Hospitals Bangalore is one the best hospitals in India, in the field of Cardiology, Pediatric care, Neurology, Gastroentrology, Nephrology & Urology and Transplants. The rich come here for the world’s best heart care. The poor come here for the world’s kindest care, for no one here is turned away for lack of funds.
Fortis Healthcare Limited (FHL) is an enterprise from the promoters of Ranbaxy, India’s largest pharmaceutical company and a global giant. With the first flagship venture of the Group, Fortis Hospital at Mohali in 2001, today the Fortis network has grown to ten hospitals with a bed capacity of around 1600 beds establishing itself as one of India’s leading advanced tertiary care Healthcare Group.

This is one of the important point that cannot be ignored is that you get the best treatment in most reasonable charges. Moreover India is rich in natural beauty and it’s wide heritage. Here you can have your treatment done as well as relax and have complete mental peace. Medical Tourism in India is being offered by Indiaheals.com and India4health.com, they arranges for travel, medical treatment, hospitalization, stay in India. Various hospitals and health care providers have recognized our reliability in this area across India. Ten years ago, medical tourism was hardly large enough to be noticed but nowadays Medical Tourism is fast becoming a worldwide, multibillion-dollar industry, whereby people from world over visit India for their medical and relaxation needs.

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Medical industry in India has reached at acme in providing medical healthcare facilities to the international patients at very affordable cost. Now day’s hospitals for cardiac surgery in India are using modern medical treatment facilities for heart valve replacement surgery at the best hospitals in India at Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai and Hyderabad. Hospitals in India are gaining confidence of the international patients in providing better medical facilities at very low cost. The cardiac surgeons in India have a strong record of excellence in heart valve replacement surgery and heart valve repair surgery. Each year, heart surgeons repair or replace more than 1,400 heart valves, making Indian Clinics one of the largest and most experienced medical centers in the world for this surgery.



Heart valve repair and replacement can relieve symptoms and prolong life. The success rate for heart valve surgery is high and increasing. It is a technically demanding operation that requires the surgeon and the surgical team to have a high level of skill. Mayo Clinic has state-of-the-art facilities and a strong commitment to research and education which attracts the leaders in cardiac surgery.




Surgery for Heart Valve Repair or Replacement

Stenosis (valve narrowing) may be corrected by cutting, separating or reconstructing the valve leaflets, or other valve components, to widen the valve opening. Most patients with stenosed valves require valve replacement.



Regurgitation (valve leakage) may be corrected by replacing or shortening the supporting valve structures to allow the valve to close tightly, or by inserting a prosthetic ring to reshape a deformed valve. Valve flaps (leaflets) may also be modified to stop blood from flowing backwards.


Annuloplasty

Annuloplasty is one type of heart valve surgery.



Annuloplasty describes surgical techniques performed on the valve’s annulus, the ring of tissue that supports the valve leaflets. Purse-string sutures are sewn around the ring to make the opening smaller which helps the leaflets meet again when the valve closes. Sometimes when repairing the annulus, it is necessary to implant an annuloplasty ring where the leaflets meet the fibrous annulus to downsize an abnormally enlarged valve opening so the leaflets can come together properly.


Repair of structural support

Repair of structural support replaces or shortens the cords that support the valves (chordae tendineae and papillary muscles). When the cords and muscles are the right length, the valve leaflet edges meet and eliminate the leak.


Valve repair (Valvuloplasty)



Valvuloplasty is one type of heart valve surgery.



Valve repair may be done when a valve leaflet is floppy and prolapses. The procedure involves surgically separating, cutting out a section, or pleating a valve leaflet.


Valve replacement

Valve replacement involves removal of the defective valve and replacing it with an artificial (prosthetic) valve by sewing it to the annulus of the natural valve. Approximately 95 percent of all valve replacements are performed for mitral or aortic valves.



Indian medical tourism offers you a complete package of surgical treatment in India for specialized healthcare sectors. There are ample of heart valve replacement surgery hospitals in India at Delhi, Chennai and Hyderabad which provide international medical healthcare facilities to abroad patients. The package shall include: Pre-Operative stay in Specialized Guest Houses, surgical package, which includes domiciliary hospitalization and stay in India, in patient care, post operative medical consultancy with complete healthcare advice. In cases of emergencies / critically ill patients we have state of the art Ambulances well equipped with life saving equipments and paramedical forces. In order to facilitate you Indian medical tourism helps in visa processing, Airport pick and drop and your local travel, they will guide you as per your treatment plan. For more details on heart valve replacement surgery in India visit http://www.forerunnershealthcare.com and enquiry@forerunnershealthcare.com

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The heart is a wonderful creation, designed to pump blood through the body 24/7/365 and Leap Year 366. Awake or asleep, humans depend on the heart to do its work. No one ever consciously directs that work. The heart operates without conscious decision or effort.


Heart valve disease can hinder that operation, however. Heart valves are strong, thin flaps of tissue that open and close to allow blood to flow properly through the heart. As the heart pumps, the valves stretch back and forth, keeping blood flowing in the right direction. They work hard, moving with each beat of the heart.

Heart Valve Disease


Heart valve disease may cause the valves not to open enough to let blood flow freely. Or the opposite may happen – valves may not close as completely as they should, and blood leaks between chambers when it should not. Heart valve disease causes the heart to work harder. This may lead to heart failure.


Heart valve disease can be present at birth, and silently can cause problems as the child grows. Heart valve disease might also be caused later in life by infections, heart attacks, heart damage, or other heart disease.


Sometimes, heart valve disease is minor. No treatment is necessary for minor problems. Other times, heart valve disease might require prescription drugs or a medical procedure. Surgery may be recommended to repair or replace the problem valve.

Heart Valve Surgery


Heart valve surgery may be used in one of two ways. The surgeon may repair a valve, or take it out entirely and replace it with an artificial valve.


Mitral valves can usually be repaired and left where they are. Aortic valves usually must be replaced with artificial valves.


Once the cardiologist and patient have reached a decision to proceed with surgery, they will need to consider options as to which kind of artificial valve will be used: biological or mechanical.


1. Biological valves: Biological heart valves are those made from humans or animals. These valves are often made from pig aortic valves. Some have been made from cow tissues.


2. Mechanical valves: Mechanical heart valves are made of metal, plastic, and pyrolytic carbon. They are very strong, and will usually last a lifetime.

Heart Valve Surgery Complications


Heart valve surgery complications can occur. Usually these problems are linked to the type of artificial valve used. Although there is little difference among valve types as far as the patient is concerned, surgeons often prefer one over another because of the way it is sewn into place.


Heart valve surgery complications that you will want to discuss with your cardiologist include, but may not be limited to the following.


1. Blood clots tend to form on all mechanical valves. The risk of these blood clots causing a stroke in the patient is small, but definite. To counteract the blood clot risk, patients are required to take blood thinners for the rest of their lives. Blood thinners are usually safe, but they can increase bleeding within the body. If that bleeding occurs in the brain, it can lead to death.


2. Blood clots sometimes form on biological valves as well, but the risk is greatly reduced. Patients take anticoagulants for only 6 weeks to 3 months. The main problem with these artificial valves is that they eventually wear out and must be replaced. Their expected life is 10 to 15 years, so a young person might have to have several replacements.


3. Anesthesia and the rerouting of your blood through a bypass machine may cause heart valve surgery complications such as arrhythmia, pneumonia, kidney failure, stroke, and death.


4. Blood clots are another complication that may result from heart valve surgery. These usually show up a few days after surgery, causing pain and swelling in the leg or legs affected. If a blood clot is dislodged from the leg, it can travel to the lungs and cause shortness of breath, chest pain, or even death.


5. Other heart valve surgery complications are: bleeding during or after surgery that may require a blood transfusion; infection in the chest incision; and deep infections in the heart or the breastbone.


6. The new valve may malfunction shortly after surgery or much later, requiring emergency surgery. This is rare, but can result in death.


7. Arrhythmia (abnormal heartbeats) may occur after heart valve surgery. These are controlled by medication. They usually stop after a few days or weeks, but some become permanent.

CAUTION: The author is not a medical professional, and offers the information in this article for educational purposes only. Please discuss it with your physician before relying on it in any way.

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